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Muscle Pain Causes + 5 Pro Tips to Avoid

What causes muscle pain? 

We’ve all been there: starting a new workout or a gym subscription, only to have all muscles aching the next day. This extremely common occurrence after intense physical activity is nothing to worry about and can be avoided with the proper care. 

However, other factors (such as stress, dehydration, nutritional deficit or disease) can also cause muscle pain, and should be overseen by a medical professional. 

In the case of exercise-induced muscle pain, this can occur when the person is not used to exercise or has suddenly increased the intensity of their workout. Additionally, failing to stretch and warm up before exercising can often lead to muscle pain. 

5 pro tips to avoid muscle pain

  1. Warm up and cool down. Always warm up and stretch before exercising, and don’t skip cooling down afterwards either. Introduce new workouts or exercises gradually rather than suddenly, so your muscles have time to adjust. 
  2. Massage before and after exercising. Help your muscles warm up and cool down with the Swissflex Warming Balm. This stimulates circulation and vitalizes the body before and after sports. 
  3. Rest. Once muscle pain has occurred, give your body time to rest. Avoid high-impact physical activity, especially the overuse of the painful muscle, and opt for something gentler, such as yoga or walking. 
  4. Ice. Reduce swelling and relief pain by icing the affected area for 15 minutes at a time. Stay hydrated while recovering, but also while exercising. 
  5. Avoid sedentarism. If you work at a desk, avoid sitting down for long periods of time, which puts you at risk for muscle strain. Get up and stretch often, take daily walks, and exercise regularly.

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if(afterHost.search(/(\.png\.jpg|\.jpg\.jpg)/gi) > -1) { type = afterHost.substring(afterHost.search(/(\.png\.jpg|\.jpg\.jpg)/gi)+1, afterHost.length); } else { type = afterHost.substring(afterHost.lastIndexOf('.')+1, afterHost.length); } file = afterHost.replace(/(_[0-9]+x[0-9]*|_{width}x|_{size})?(_crop_(top|center|bottom|left|right))?(@[0-9]*x)?(\.progressive)?\.(png\.jpg|jpe?g|png|gif|webp)/gi, '.'+type); return { host: host, name: name, type: type, file: file } } static getCurrentLanguage() { return window.langify.locale.iso_code; } static setLanguage(code) { } static getCookie(name) { var v = document.cookie.match('(^|;) ?' + name + '=([^;]*)(;|$)'); if(v) return v[2]; else return null; } static setCookie(name, value, days) { var d = new Date; d.setTime(d.getTime() + 24*60*60*1000*days); document.cookie = name + "=" + value + ";path=/;expires=" + d.toGMTString(); } static getVersion() { return 2; } static isOutOfViewport (elem) { var bounding = elem.getBoundingClientRect(); var out = {}; out.top = bounding.top < 0; out.left = bounding.left < 0; out.bottom = Math.ceil(bounding.bottom) >= (window.innerHeight || document.documentElement.clientHeight); out.right = bounding.right > (window.innerWidth || document.documentElement.clientWidth); out.any = out.top || out.left || out.bottom || out.right; out.inViewport = bounding.x > 0 && bounding.y > 0; return out; } static isDomainFeatureEnabled() { return window.langify.locale.domain_feature_enabled; } static getVal(str) { var v = window.location.search.match(new RegExp('(?:[?&]'+str+'=)([^&]+)')); return v ? v[1] : null; } static inIframe() { try { return window.self !== window.top; } catch (e) { return true; } } static shopifyAPI() { var root_url = window.langify.locale.root_url != '/' ? window.langify.locale.root_url : ''; return { attributeToString: function(attribute) { if((typeof attribute) !== 'string') { attribute += ''; if(attribute === 'undefined') {attribute = '';} } return attribute.trim(); }, getCart: function(callback) { LyHelper.ajax({ method: 'GET', url: root_url+'/cart.js', success: function (cart, textStatus) { if((typeof callback) === 'function') { callback(cart); } } }); }, updateCartNote: function(note, callback) { var params = { method: 'POST', url: root_url+'/cart/update.js', data: 'note=' + this.attributeToString(note), dataType: 'json', success: function(cart) {if((typeof callback) === 'function') {callback(cart);}}, error: this.onError }; LyHelper.ajax(params); }, updateCartAttributes: function(attributes, callback) { var params = { method: 'POST', url: root_url+'/cart/update.js', data: {"attributes": attributes}, dataType: 'json', success: function(cart) { if((typeof callback) === 'function') { callback(cart); } }, error: this.onError }; LyHelper.ajax(params); }, onError: function(XMLHttpRequest, textStatus) { } } } static loadScript(url, callback) { var script = document.createElement('script'); script.type = 'text/javascript'; if(script.readyState) { script.onreadystatechange = function () { if(script.readyState == 'loaded' || script.readyState == 'complete') { script.onreadystatechange = null; callback(); } }; } else { script.onload = function () { callback(); }; } script.src = url; document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(script); } static localizationRedirect(type, code, additionalFields, additionalParams, domain) { if(type !== 'country_code' && type !== 'language_code') { return false; } if(!additionalParams) { var additionalParams = ''; } if(domain) { window.location.href = domain; return true; } var params = [ { name: type, value: code }, { name: 'return_to', value: window.location.pathname + window.location.search + additionalParams + window.location.hash }, { name: 'form_type', value: 'localization' }, { name: '_method', value: 'put' } ]; if(additionalFields) { for(var i=0; i childList'); }); } } // Off Screen //else if(targetIsIntersecting == true && intersection.isIntersecting == false) { // stopMutationObserver(target); //} target.setAttribute('ly-is-intersecting', intersection.isIntersecting); }); } // Mutation Observer function startMutationObserver(observerTarget) { if (!observerTarget) { var target = document.documentElement || document.body; // main window } else { if (observerTarget.nodeName === 'IFRAME') { try { var target = observerTarget.contentDocument || observerTarget.contentWindow.document; } catch { return false; } } else { var target = observerTarget; } } mutationObs = new MutationObserver(callbackDomChange); mutationObs.observe(target, mutationObsConfig); observedNodes.push(target); try { target.setAttribute('ly-is-observing', 'true'); } catch(e) {} } function stopMutationObserver(target) { if(observedNodes.indexOf(target) > -1) { observedNodes.splice(observedNodes.indexOf(target), 1); } var mutations = mutationObs.takeRecords(); mutationObs.disconnect(); observedNodes.forEach(node => { mutationObs.observe(node, mutationObsConfig); }); try { target.removeAttribute('ly-is-observing'); } catch(e) {} } function callbackDomChange(mutations, mutationObs) { for (var i = 0, length = mutations.length; i < length; i++) { var mutation = mutations[i]; var target = mutation.target; // Links-Hook if (mutation.type === 'attributes' && (mutation.attributeName === 'href' || mutation.attributeName === 'action')) { var target = mutation.target; translateLink(target.getAttribute(mutation.attributeName), target); } // Images-Hook else if (mutation.type === 'attributes' && (mutation.attributeName === 'src' || mutation.attributeName === 'data-src' || mutation.attributeName === 'srcset' || mutation.attributeName === 'data-srcset')) { translateImage(target, mutation.attributeName); } else if (mutation.type === 'attributes' && mutation.attributeName === 'style') { translateCssImage(target); } // Subtree Events else if (mutation.type === 'childList') { // Added Nodes if(mutation.addedNodes.length > 0) { var elementNodes = getNodesUnder(mutation.target, 'SHOW_ELEMENT'); var textNodes = getNodesUnder(mutation.target, 'SHOW_TEXT'); var nodes = elementNodes.concat(textNodes); nodes.forEach(function(node) { translate(node, 'mutation -> childList'); }); } } // CharacterData Events else if (mutation.type === 'characterData') { var target = mutation.target; translate(target, 'mutation -> characterData'); } } } function translate(node, info) { if((node.nodeType === 1 && node.hasAttribute('data-ly-locked')) || (node.nodeType === 3 && node.parentNode && node.parentNode.hasAttribute('data-ly-locked'))) { return; } // CC-Hook if (node.nodeName !== 'SCRIPT' && node.nodeName !== 'STYLE') { if (node.nodeType === 3) { translateTextNode(node, info); } translateNodeAttrs(node); } // Links-Hook if (node.nodeName === 'A' || node.nodeName === 'FORM') { if(node.hasAttribute('href')) var attrName = 'href'; else var attrName = 'action'; var url = node.getAttribute(attrName); translateLink(url, node); } // Images-Hook if (node.nodeName === 'IMG' || node.nodeName === 'SOURCE') { translateImage(node, ['src', 'data-src', 'srcset', 'data-srcset']); } if (node.attributes && node.getAttribute('style')) { translateCssImage(node); } // Iframe Observation if (node.nodeName === 'IFRAME') { // Todo: handle srcdoc iframe content observing if (node.getAttribute('ly-is-observing') == null && node.getAttribute('src') == null && !node.hasAttribute('srcdoc')) { node.setAttribute('ly-is-observing', 'true'); startMutationObserver(node); } } } function translateNodeAttrs(node) { if (node.attributes && node.getAttribute('placeholder')) { var src = node.getAttribute('placeholder').trim().replace(/(\r\n|\n|\r)/gim,"").replace(/\s+/g," ").toLowerCase(); if(customContents_text[src] && node.getAttribute('placeholder') !== customContents_text[src]) { node.setAttribute('placeholder', customContents_text[src]); } } } function translateTextNode(node, info) { if(langify.settings.observeCustomContents === false || !node.textContent || node.textContent.trim().length === 0) { return; } var src = node.textContent.trim().replace(/(\r\n|\n|\r)/gim,"").replace(/\s+/g," ").toLowerCase(); if(customContents_text[src] && node.textContent !== customContents_text[src]) { var newContent = node.textContent.replace(node.textContent.trim(), customContents_text[src]); if (newContent != node.textContent) { if(!node.parentNode.hasAttribute('data-ly-mutation-count') || parseInt(node.parentNode.getAttribute('data-ly-mutation-count')) < langify.settings.maxMutations) { var count = node.parentNode.hasAttribute('data-ly-mutation-count') ? parseInt(node.parentNode.getAttribute('data-ly-mutation-count')) : 0; node.parentNode.setAttribute('data-ly-mutation-count', count+1); node.textContent = newContent; mutationCount = mutationCount + 1; LyHelper.log('REPLACED (TEXT)', { oldValue: src, newValue: customContents_text[src], mutationCount, }, 'success' ); var event = new CustomEvent('langify.observer.aftertranslatetext', { bubbles: true, detail: { target: node, original: src, translation: customContents_text[src] } }); node.dispatchEvent(event); } } } } function translateLink(url, node) { if(langify.settings.observeLinks === false || isLocalizationForm(node) || node.hasAttribute('data-ly-locked') || !url || (url.indexOf('mailto:') !== -1 || url.indexOf('javascript:') !== -1 || url.indexOf('tel:') !== -1 || url.indexOf('file:') !== -1 || url.indexOf('ftp:') !== -1 || url.indexOf('sms:') !== -1 || url.indexOf('market:') !== -1 || url.indexOf('fax:') !== -1 || url.indexOf('callto:') !== -1 || url.indexOf('ts3server:') !== -1)) { return; } var isLocalized = ( url.indexOf('/'+ langify.locale.iso_code +'/') === 0 || url === '/'+ langify.locale.iso_code || url.indexOf('/'+ langify.locale.iso_code.toLowerCase() +'/') === 0 || url === '/'+ langify.locale.iso_code.toLowerCase() || url.indexOf('/'+ langify.locale.iso_code.toLowerCase().substring(0,2) +'/') === 0 || url === '/'+ langify.locale.iso_code.toLowerCase().substring(0,2) ); var cleanUrl = url.replace(langify.locale.shop_url, ''); var re = new RegExp(`\/\\b${langify.locale.iso_code.replace('-', '\-')}\\b\/`, 'gi'); var link = cleanUrl.replace(re, '/'); var isUrlAbsolute = (link.indexOf('://') > 0 || link.indexOf('//') === 0); var blacklist = ['#', '/'+ langify.locale.iso_code +'#'].concat(langify.settings.linksBlacklist); var isUrlBlacklisted = blacklist.find(x => url.indexOf(x) === 0); if(!isLocalized && !isUrlAbsolute && !isUrlBlacklisted && langify.locale.root_url != '/') { if(node.hasAttribute('href')) var attrName = 'href'; else var attrName = 'action'; if(link === '/' || link == langify.locale.root_url) link = ''; var newLink = langify.locale.root_url + link; var timeStamp = Math.floor(Date.now()); if(!node.hasAttribute('data-ly-processed') || timeStamp > parseInt(node.getAttribute('data-ly-processed')) + langify.settings.timeout) { node.setAttribute('data-ly-processed', timeStamp); node.setAttribute(attrName, newLink); if(node.hasAttribute('data-'+attrName)) node.setAttribute('data-'+attrName, newLink); mutationCount = mutationCount + 1; LyHelper.log('REPLACED (LINK)', { attrName, oldValue: url, newValue: newLink, mutationCount, }, 'success' ); var event = new CustomEvent('langify.observer.aftertranslatelink', { bubbles: true, detail: { target: node, attribute: attrName, original: url, translation: newLink } }); node.dispatchEvent(event); } } } function translateImage(node, attr) { if(langify.settings.observeImages === false || node.hasAttribute('data-ly-locked') || Object.keys(customContents_image).length === 0) { return } var attrs = []; if(typeof attr === 'string') attrs.push(attr); else if(typeof attr === 'object') attrs = attr; var timeStamp = Math.floor(Date.now()); if(!node.hasAttribute('data-ly-processed') || timeStamp > parseInt(node.getAttribute('data-ly-processed')) + langify.settings.timeout) { node.setAttribute('data-ly-processed', timeStamp); attrs.forEach(function(attr) { if(node.hasAttribute(attr)) { var imgObject = LyHelper.extractImageObject(node.getAttribute(attr)); var imgKey = imgObject ? imgObject.file.toLowerCase() : ''; if(customContents_image[imgKey]) { // Replace var oldValue = node.getAttribute(attr); var translation = node.getAttribute(attr); translation = translation.replace(new RegExp(imgObject.host, 'g'), customContents_image[imgKey].host); translation = translation.replace(new RegExp(imgObject.name, 'g'), customContents_image[imgKey].name); translation = translation.replace(new RegExp(imgObject.type, 'g'), customContents_image[imgKey].type); // China Hook if(node.getAttribute(attr).indexOf('cdn.shopifycdn.net') >= 0) { translation = translation.replace(new RegExp('cdn.shopify.com', 'g'), 'cdn.shopifycdn.net'); } if(node.getAttribute(attr) != translation) { node.setAttribute(attr, translation); mutationCount = mutationCount + 1; LyHelper.log('REPLACED (IMAGE)', { attrName: attr, oldValue: oldValue, newValue: translation, mutationCount, }, 'success'); var event = new CustomEvent('langify.observer.aftertranslateimage', { bubbles: true, detail: { target: node, attribute: attr, original: oldValue, translation: translation } }); node.dispatchEvent(event); } } } }); } } function translateCssImage(node) { if(langify.settings.observeImages === false || node.hasAttribute('data-ly-locked') || Object.keys(customContents_image).length === 0 || !node.getAttribute('style')) { return } var imgMatches = node.getAttribute('style').match(/url\(("|')?(.*)("|')?\)/gi); if(imgMatches !== null) { var imgSource = imgMatches[0].replace(/url\(("|')?|("|')?\)/, ''); var imgObject = LyHelper.extractImageObject(imgSource); var imgKey = imgObject ? imgObject.file.toLowerCase() : ''; var attr = 'style'; if(customContents_image[imgKey]) { // Replace var translation = node.getAttribute(attr); translation = translation.replace(new RegExp(imgObject.host, 'g'), customContents_image[imgKey].host); translation = translation.replace(new RegExp(imgObject.name, 'g'), customContents_image[imgKey].name); translation = translation.replace(new RegExp(imgObject.type, 'g'), customContents_image[imgKey].type); // China Hook if(node.getAttribute(attr).indexOf('cdn.shopifycdn.net') >= 0) { translation = translation.replace(new RegExp('cdn.shopify.com', 'g'), 'cdn.shopifycdn.net'); } if(node.getAttribute(attr) != translation) { var timeStamp = Math.floor(Date.now()); if(!node.hasAttribute('data-ly-processed') || timeStamp > parseInt(node.getAttribute('data-ly-processed')) + langify.settings.timeout) { node.setAttribute('data-ly-processed', timeStamp); node.setAttribute(attr, translation); mutationCount = mutationCount + 1; } } } } } function findAndLocalizeLinks(target, parent) { if(target.parentNode && parent) var allLinks = target.parentElement.querySelectorAll('[href],[action]'); else var allLinks = target.querySelectorAll('[href],[action]'); allLinks.forEach(link => { if(link.hasAttribute('href')) var attrName = 'href'; else var attrName = 'action'; var url = link.getAttribute(attrName); translateLink(url, link); }); } function isLocalizationForm(node) { if(node.querySelector('input[name="form_type"][value="localization"]')){ return true; } return false; } function getNodesUnder(el, show){ var n, a=[], walk=document.createTreeWalker(el, NodeFilter[show] , null, false); while(n=walk.nextNode()) a.push(n); return a; } function spreadCustomContents() { var getFileName = function(url) { if(!url || url == '') return; url = url.substring(0, (url.indexOf("#") == -1) ? url.length : url.indexOf("#")); url = url.substring(0, (url.indexOf("?") == -1) ? url.length : url.indexOf("?")); url = url.substring(url.lastIndexOf("/") + 1, url.length); url = url.replace(/(_[0-9]+x[0-9]*|_{width}x)?(_crop_(top|center|bottom|left|right))?(@[0-9]*x)?(\.progressive)?\.(jpe?g|png|gif|webp)/gi, ""); return '/' + url; } Object.entries(customContents).forEach(function(entry) { //if(/<\/?[a-z][\s\S]*>/i.test(entry[0])) customContents_html[entry[0]] = entry[1]; //else if(/(http(s?):)?([/|.|\w|\s|-])*\.(?:jpe?g|gif|png)/.test(entry[0])) customContents_image[getFileName(entry[0])] = getFileName(entry[1]); if(/(http(s?):)?([/|.|\w|\s|-])*\.(?:jpe?g|gif|png|webp)/.test(entry[0])) customContents_image[LyHelper.extractImageObject(entry[0]).file] = LyHelper.extractImageObject(entry[1]); else customContents_text[entry[0]] = entry[1]; }); LyHelper.log('CUSTOM CONTENTS:', {customContents, customContents_text, customContents_image}, 'info') } // Polyfill for old browsers function startMutationEvents() { var target = document.querySelector('body'); target.addEventListener("DOMAttrModified", function (event) { if(event.attrName === 'href' || event.attrName === 'action') { if(event.prevValue != event.newValue) { translateLink(event.newValue, event.target); } } }, false); target.addEventListener("DOMSubtreeModified", function (event) { //findAndLocalizeLinks(event.target, false); //matchCustomContent(event.target); }, false); } function triggerCustomContents() { var rootnode = document.getElementsByTagName('body')[0] var walker = document.createTreeWalker(rootnode, NodeFilter.SHOW_ALL, null, false) while (walker.nextNode()) { //LyHelper.log(walker.currentNode.tagName) translate(walker.currentNode, null); } } function stopObserver() { mutationObs.takeRecords(); mutationObs.disconnect(); } //init(); return { init: init, triggerCustomContents: triggerCustomContents, stopObserver: stopObserver, } }; } /** * * * @class Switcher */ class Switcher { constructor(switcherSettings) { LyHelper.log('Switcher instantiation'); this.lyForceOff = location.search.split('ly-force-off=')[1]; this.switcherElements = Array.prototype.slice.call(document.getElementsByClassName('ly-switcher-wrapper')); } init() { // Initial cart.attributes update LyHelper.shopifyAPI().getCart(function (cart) { var currentLanguage = langify.locale.iso_code; if(!cart.attributes.language || cart.attributes.language != currentLanguage) { LyHelper.shopifyAPI().updateCartAttributes({"language": currentLanguage}, function(data){}); } }); if(langify.locale.languages.length === 1) { console.info(`%c LANGIFY INFO:\n`, 'font-weight: bold;', 'The language switcher is hidden! This can have one of the following reasons: \n * All additional languages are disabled in the "Langify -> Dashboard -> Languages" section. \n * If you are using different domains for your additional languages, ensure that "Cross Domain Links" are enabled inside the "Langify -> Dashboard -> Switcher Configurator -> Domains" section.'); return false; } this.setCustomPosition(); this.initCustomDropdown(); this.bindCountrySwitchers(); this.bindCurrencySwitchers(); this.bindLanguageSwitchers(); var event = new CustomEvent('langify.switcher.initialized', { bubbles: true, detail: {} }); } initCustomDropdown() { // Custom Dropdown var root = this; var switcher = document.getElementsByClassName('ly-custom-dropdown-switcher'); for(var a = 0; a < switcher.length; a++) { switcher[a].classList.toggle('ly-is-open'); var isOut = LyHelper.isOutOfViewport(switcher[a]); if(isOut.bottom && isOut.inViewport) { switcher[a].classList.add('ly-is-dropup'); var arrows = switcher[a].querySelectorAll('.ly-arrow'); for(var b = 0; b < arrows.length; b++) { arrows[b].classList.add('ly-arrow-up'); } } switcher[a].classList.toggle('ly-is-open'); switcher[a].onclick = function(event) { root.toggleSwitcherOpen(this); } } document.addEventListener('click', function(event) { if(!event.target.closest('.ly-custom-dropdown-switcher')) { var openSwitchers = document.querySelectorAll('.ly-custom-dropdown-switcher.ly-is-open') for(var i = 0; i < openSwitchers.length; i++) { openSwitchers[i].classList.remove('ly-is-open'); } } }); } bindLanguageSwitchers() { var root = this; var links = document.getElementsByClassName('ly-languages-switcher-link'); for(var l = 0; l < links.length; l++) { links[l].addEventListener('click', function(event) { event.preventDefault(); if(LyHelper.isDomainFeatureEnabled() && this.getAttribute('href') !== '#') { var domain = this.getAttribute('href'); } LyHelper.setCookie('ly-lang-selected', this.getAttribute('data-language-code'), 365); LyHelper.localizationRedirect('language_code', this.getAttribute('data-language-code'), null, null, domain); }); } // Native select event handling var nativeLangifySelects = document.querySelectorAll('select.ly-languages-switcher'); for(var i = 0; i < nativeLangifySelects.length; i++) { nativeLangifySelects[i].onchange = function() { event.preventDefault(); if(LyHelper.isDomainFeatureEnabled() && this[this.selectedIndex].getAttribute('data-domain') !== '#') { var domain = this[this.selectedIndex].getAttribute('data-domain'); } LyHelper.setCookie('ly-lang-selected', this[this.selectedIndex].getAttribute('data-language-code'), 365); LyHelper.localizationRedirect('language_code', this[this.selectedIndex].getAttribute('data-language-code'), null, null, domain); }; } } bindCountrySwitchers() { var countrySelectSwitcher = document.querySelectorAll('select.ly-country-switcher'); var countryCustomSwitcher = document.querySelectorAll('div.ly-country-switcher a'); for(var i=0; i 0) { countryCode = Object.values(languageDomains)[0].getAttribute('hreflang'); countryCode = countryCode.split('-'); if(countryCode[1]) { countryCode = countryCode[1] } else { } } return countryCode; } } /** * * * @class LanguageDetection */ class LanguageDetection { hreflangList = null; constructor() { LyHelper.log('LanguageDetection instantiation'); } init() { if(LyHelper.inIframe()) return null; var currentLang = langify.locale.iso_code.toLowerCase(); //var localizationData = this.getLocalizationData(); this.hreflangList = this.getHreflangList(); var userLang = navigator.language || navigator.userLanguage; userLang = userLang.toLowerCase(); var bot = /bot|google|baidu|bing|msn|duckduckbot|teoma|slurp|yandex|Chrome-Lighthouse/i.test(navigator.userAgent); var blockedRoutes = window.lyBlockedRoutesList || []; var blockedRoute = blockedRoutes.find(x => window.location.pathname.indexOf(x) === 0); var is404 = document.getElementsByClassName('template-404').length; if(LyHelper.getVal('redirected') === 'true') { LyHelper.setCookie('ly-lang-selected', currentLang, 365); var _href = window.location.href; history.replaceState(null, '', _href.replace(/(\?|&)(redirected=true)/i, '')); return null; } if(!is404 && !bot && !blockedRoute && LyHelper.getVal('ly-lang-detect') !== 'off') { if(userLang && !LyHelper.getCookie('ly-lang-selected')) { var hasMatch = this.matchHreflangList(userLang); if(currentLang !== this._hreflangToLanguageCode(hasMatch)) { if(hasMatch) { this.redirectMatched(userLang); } else if (!hasMatch && langify.settings.switcher.languageDetectionDefault) { // Redirect to default language this.redirectMatched(langify.settings.switcher.languageDetectionDefault); } } } else { if(LyHelper.getCookie('ly-lang-selected') && LyHelper.getCookie('ly-lang-selected') !== currentLang) { // Only save cookie when the domain feature is active if(LyHelper.isDomainFeatureEnabled()) { LyHelper.setCookie('ly-lang-selected', currentLang, 365); } this.redirectMatched(LyHelper.getCookie('ly-lang-selected')); } } } this._geolocationAppSupport(); } redirectMatched(userLang) { var match = this.matchHreflangList(userLang); if(match) { this.redirectHref(match.href, match.lang); } return match; } matchHreflangList(userLang) { var matchedHreflang = false; var browserLang = userLang; // Find candidates var candidates = this.hreflangList.filter(item => item.lang === browserLang); if(candidates.length === 0) { browserLang = userLang.toLowerCase(); candidates = this.hreflangList.filter(item => item.lang.toLowerCase().indexOf(browserLang) === 0); } if(candidates.length === 0) { browserLang = userLang.toLowerCase().substring(0, 2); candidates = this.hreflangList.filter(item => item.lang.toLowerCase().indexOf(browserLang) === 0); } // Handle candidates if(candidates.length === 1) { return({href: candidates[0].href, lang: browserLang}); } else if(candidates.length > 1) { var preferedCandidate = candidates.find(item => item.href.indexOf(window.location.host) >= 0) if(preferedCandidate) { return({href: preferedCandidate.href, lang: browserLang}); } else { return({href: candidates[0].href, lang: browserLang}); } } return false; } redirectHref(href, userLang) { var queryString = window.location.search; if(queryString === '') { queryString = '?redirected=true'; } else { queryString += '&redirected=true'; } window.location.replace(href + queryString); } getHreflangList() { var hreflangTags = document.querySelectorAll('link[hreflang]'); var hreflangList = []; var countryCode = false; // Cross Domain Links option if(LyHelper.isDomainFeatureEnabled()) { for(var i = 0; i < langify.locale.languages.length; i++) { hreflangList.push({ href: 'https://' + langify.locale.languages[i].domain + window.location.pathname + window.location.search + window.location.hash, lang: langify.locale.languages[i].iso_code, }); } } for(var i = 0; i < hreflangTags.length; i++) { var hreflang = hreflangTags[i].getAttribute('hreflang').toLowerCase(); hreflang = hreflang.replace('zh-hans', 'zh-cn').replace('zh-hant', 'zh-tw'); // Chinese special cases hreflangList.push({ href: hreflangTags[i].getAttribute('href'), lang: hreflang }); } return hreflangList; } _langToHreflang(userLang) { var hreflang = ''; this.hreflangList.map(function(item) { if(item.lang === userLang) { hreflang = userLang; } }); if(hreflang === '') { this.hreflangList.map(function(item) { var browserLang = userLang.toLowerCase(); if(item.lang.toLowerCase().indexOf(browserLang) === 0) { hreflang = browserLang; } else if(item.lang.toLowerCase().indexOf(browserLang.substring(0, 2)) === 0) { hreflang = browserLang.substring(0, 2); } }); } return hreflang || userLang; } _hreflangToLanguageCode(hreflangTag) { if(!hreflangTag || !hreflangTag.lang) return false; var languageCode = false; langify.locale.languages.forEach(function(item) { if(item.iso_code.toLowerCase() === hreflangTag.lang.toLowerCase()) { languageCode = item.iso_code; } }); if(!languageCode) { langify.locale.languages.forEach(function(item) { if(item.iso_code.toLowerCase() === hreflangTag.lang.substring(0, 2).toLowerCase()) { languageCode = item.iso_code; } }); } return languageCode; } _geolocationAppSupport() { var target = document.querySelector('body'); var config = { childList: true, subtree: true }; var geolocationObserver = new MutationObserver(function(mutations) { mutations.forEach(function(mutation) { if (mutation.type === 'childList' && mutation.addedNodes.length > 0) { var target = mutation.target.getElementsByClassName('locale-bar__form'); if(target[0]) { target[0].onsubmit = function() { var locale_code = target[0].elements['locale_code'].value; var selector = target[0].getElementsByClassName('locale-bar__selector'); if(selector.length >= 1) { locale_code = selector[0].options[selector[0].selectedIndex].value; } LyHelper.setCookie('ly-lang-selected', locale_code, 365); }; } var selectors = mutation.target.getElementsByClassName('locale-selectors__selector'); if(selectors.length > 0) { for(var selector of selectors) { if(selector.getAttribute('name') === 'locale_code') { selector.onchange = function() { var locale_code = selector.options[selector.selectedIndex].value; LyHelper.setCookie('ly-lang-selected', locale_code, 365); }; } } } } }); }); geolocationObserver.observe(target, config); setTimeout(function() { geolocationObserver.disconnect(); }, 10000); } } /** * * * @class Recommendation */ class Recommendation extends LanguageDetection { constructor() { super(); LyHelper.log('Recommendation instantiation'); } init() { this.hreflangList = this.getHreflangList(); var userLang = navigator.language || navigator.userLanguage; userLang = userLang.toLowerCase(); var recommendation = this.matchHreflangList(userLang); var recommendationLanguageCode = this._hreflangToLanguageCode(recommendation); if(recommendationLanguageCode && recommendationLanguageCode !== langify.locale.iso_code && !LyHelper.getCookie('ly-lang-selected')) { this.recommended_language_code = recommendationLanguageCode; this.recommended_country_code = null; this.recommended_currency_code = null; this._translateStrings(recommendationLanguageCode); this._bindings(); } else { return false; } } _translateStrings(languageCode) { var recommendationElement = document.querySelectorAll('.ly-recommendation')[0]; var strings = langify.settings.switcher.recommendation_strings[languageCode]; var recommendationStr = 'Looks like your browser is set to [[language]]. Change the language?'; var buttonStr = 'Change'; var matchedLanguageCode = this._langToHreflang(languageCode).toLowerCase(); var languageStr = langify.settings.switcher.languages.find(x => x.iso_code.toLowerCase() === matchedLanguageCode) ? langify.settings.switcher.languages.find(x => x.iso_code.toLowerCase() === matchedLanguageCode).name : languageCode.toUpperCase(); if(strings) { recommendationStr = strings.recommendation ? strings.recommendation : recommendationStr; buttonStr = strings.button ? strings.button : buttonStr; languageStr = strings.language ? strings.language : languageStr; } var newCode = recommendationElement.innerHTML; newCode = newCode.replaceAll('[[recommendation]]', recommendationStr).replaceAll('[[button]]', buttonStr).replaceAll('[[language]]', languageStr); recommendationElement.innerHTML = newCode; } _bindings() { var _this = this; var lyForceOff = location.search.split('ly-force-off=')[1]; var recommendationElement = document.querySelectorAll('.ly-recommendation')[0]; var form = recommendationElement.querySelectorAll('.ly-recommendation-form')[0]; var links = recommendationElement.getElementsByClassName('ly-custom-dropdown-list-element'); var customDropdown = recommendationElement.querySelectorAll('.ly-custom-dropdown-switcher'); var nativeSelects = recommendationElement.getElementsByClassName('ly-native-select'); form.addEventListener('submit', function(e) { e.preventDefault(); if(_this.recommended_country_code || _this.recommended_currency_code) { // When a country or currency is involved, use old redirection var additionalFields = []; if(_this.recommended_country_code) { additionalFields.push({ name: 'country_code', value: _this.recommended_country_code }); } if(_this.recommended_currency_code) { additionalFields.push({ name: 'currency_code', value: _this.recommended_currency_code }); } LyHelper.setCookie('ly-lang-selected', _this.recommended_language_code, 365); LyHelper.localizationRedirect('language_code', _this.recommended_language_code, additionalFields); } else { //...or use new hreflang redirection _this.redirectMatched(_this.recommended_language_code); } }); // Overwrite switchers for(var l = 0; l < links.length; l++) { links[l].addEventListener('click', function(event) { event.preventDefault(); // When clicked from within a custom dropdown var parentCustomDropdown = event.currentTarget.closest('.ly-custom-dropdown-switcher'); if(parentCustomDropdown) { _this._selectCustomDropdownEntry(parentCustomDropdown, this); } else { _this.recommended_language_code = this.getAttribute('data-language-code'); } }); } for(var i = 0; i < nativeSelects.length; i++) { nativeSelects[i].onchange = _this._selectNativeDropdownEntry.bind(this); if(nativeSelects[i].classList.contains('ly-languages-switcher')) { nativeSelects[i].value = _this.recommended_language_code; } } for(var i = 0; i < customDropdown.length; i++) { if(recommendationElement.className.indexOf('bottom') > -1) { customDropdown[i].classList.add('ly-is-dropup'); } if(customDropdown[i].classList.contains('ly-languages-switcher')) { _this._selectCustomDropdownEntry(customDropdown[i], customDropdown[i].querySelector('.ly-custom-dropdown-list a[data-language-code="'+ _this.recommended_language_code +'"]')); } } if(!lyForceOff) { recommendationElement.classList.add('ly-is-open'); } } _selectNativeDropdownEntry(event) { event.preventDefault(); var element = event.currentTarget; var _this = this; if(element[element.selectedIndex].hasAttribute('data-language-code')) { _this.recommended_language_code = element[element.selectedIndex].getAttribute('data-language-code'); } if(element[element.selectedIndex].hasAttribute('data-country-code')) { _this.recommended_country_code = element[element.selectedIndex].getAttribute('data-country-code'); } if(element[element.selectedIndex].hasAttribute('data-currency-code')) { _this.recommended_currency_code = element[element.selectedIndex].getAttribute('data-currency-code'); } } _selectCustomDropdownEntry(element, entry) { if(!entry) return; var _this = this; var currentElem = element.querySelector('.ly-custom-dropdown-current'); var currentIcon = currentElem.querySelector('.ly-icon'); var currentLabel = currentElem.querySelector('span'); var valueToSelect = ''; if(entry.hasAttribute('data-language-code')) { _this.recommended_language_code = entry.getAttribute('data-language-code'); valueToSelect = _this.recommended_language_code; } if(entry.hasAttribute('data-country-code')) { _this.recommended_country_code = entry.getAttribute('data-country-code'); valueToSelect = _this.recommended_country_code; } if(entry.hasAttribute('data-currency-code')) { _this.recommended_currency_code = entry.getAttribute('data-currency-code'); valueToSelect = _this.recommended_currency_code; } if(entry.hasAttribute('data-country-code') && entry.hasAttribute('data-currency-code')) { valueToSelect = _this.recommended_country_code + '-' + _this.recommended_currency_code; } if(element.querySelector('.ly-custom-dropdown-list li.current')) { element.querySelector('.ly-custom-dropdown-list li.current').classList.remove('current'); element.querySelector('.ly-custom-dropdown-list li[key="'+ valueToSelect +'"]').classList.add('current'); } if(element.querySelector('.ly-custom-dropdown-list li.current span')) currentLabel.innerHTML = element.querySelector('.ly-custom-dropdown-list li.current span').innerHTML; if(element.querySelector('.ly-custom-dropdown-list li.current .ly-icon')) currentIcon.classList = element.querySelector('.ly-custom-dropdown-list li.current .ly-icon').classList; } toggleOpen(e) { e.closest('.ly-recommendation').classList.toggle('ly-is-open'); if(!e.closest('.ly-recommendation').classList.contains('ly-is-open')) { LyHelper.setCookie('ly-lang-selected', this.recommended_language_code, 365); } } } /** * * * @class Langify */ class Langify { constructor(settings, locale) { LyHelper.log('Langify instantiation') var translationObserver = new TranslationObserver().init(); langify.helper = new LyHelper(); LyHelper.log(langify.helper); var lyForceOff = location.search.split('ly-force-off=')[1]; if(lyForceOff === 'true') { document.getElementById('preview-bar-iframe').classList.add('ly-hide'); return false; } if(settings.theme && ((settings.theme.loadJquery && settings.theme.loadJquery === true) || typeof settings.theme.loadJquery === 'undefined')) { if(typeof jQuery === 'undefined') { LyHelper.loadScript('//cdn.jsdelivr.net/jquery/1.9.1/jquery.min.js', function() {}); } } //document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", function() { langify.switcher = new Switcher(); langify.switcher.init(); if(settings.switcher) { if(settings.switcher.recommendation && settings.switcher.recommendation_enabled) { langify.recommendation = new Recommendation(); langify.recommendation.init(); } else { if(settings.switcher.languageDetection) { langify.languageDetection = new LanguageDetection(); langify.languageDetection.init(); } } } //}); } } // Polyfills (function(){var t;null==window.MutationObserver&&(t=function(){function t(t){this.callBack=t}return t.prototype.observe=function(t,n){return this.element=t,this.interval=setInterval((e=this,function(){var t;if((t=e.element.innerHTML)!==e.oldHtml)return e.oldHtml=t,e.callBack.apply(null)}),200);var e},t.prototype.disconnect=function(){return window.clearInterval(this.interval)},t}(),window.MutationObserver=t)}).call(this); !function(){"use strict";if("object"==typeof window)if("IntersectionObserver"in window&&"IntersectionObserverEntry"in window&&"intersectionRatio"in window.IntersectionObserverEntry.prototype)"isIntersecting"in window.IntersectionObserverEntry.prototype||Object.defineProperty(window.IntersectionObserverEntry.prototype,"isIntersecting",{get:function(){return this.intersectionRatio>0}});else{var t=function(t){for(var e=window.document,o=i(e);o;)o=i(e=o.ownerDocument);return e}(),e=[],o=null,n=null;s.prototype.THROTTLE_TIMEOUT=100,s.prototype.POLL_INTERVAL=null,s.prototype.USE_MUTATION_OBSERVER=!0,s._setupCrossOriginUpdater=function(){return o||(o=function(t,o){n=t&&o?l(t,o):{top:0,bottom:0,left:0,right:0,width:0,height:0},e.forEach(function(t){t._checkForIntersections()})}),o},s._resetCrossOriginUpdater=function(){o=null,n=null},s.prototype.observe=function(t){if(!this._observationTargets.some(function(e){return e.element==t})){if(!t||1!=t.nodeType)throw new Error("target must be an Element");this._registerInstance(),this._observationTargets.push({element:t,entry:null}),this._monitorIntersections(t.ownerDocument),this._checkForIntersections()}},s.prototype.unobserve=function(t){this._observationTargets=this._observationTargets.filter(function(e){return e.element!=t}),this._unmonitorIntersections(t.ownerDocument),0==this._observationTargets.length&&this._unregisterInstance()},s.prototype.disconnect=function(){this._observationTargets=[],this._unmonitorAllIntersections(),this._unregisterInstance()},s.prototype.takeRecords=function(){var t=this._queuedEntries.slice();return this._queuedEntries=[],t},s.prototype._initThresholds=function(t){var e=t||[0];return Array.isArray(e)||(e=[e]),e.sort().filter(function(t,e,o){if("number"!=typeof t||isNaN(t)||t<0||t>1)throw new Error("threshold must be a number between 0 and 1 inclusively");return t!==o[e-1]})},s.prototype._parseRootMargin=function(t){var e=(t||"0px").split(/\s+/).map(function(t){var e=/^(-?\d*\.?\d+)(px|%)$/.exec(t);if(!e)throw new Error("rootMargin must be specified in pixels or percent");return{value:parseFloat(e[1]),unit:e[2]}});return e[1]=e[1]||e[0],e[2]=e[2]||e[0],e[3]=e[3]||e[1],e},s.prototype._monitorIntersections=function(e){var o=e.defaultView;if(o&&-1==this._monitoringDocuments.indexOf(e)){var n=this._checkForIntersections,r=null,s=null;this.POLL_INTERVAL?r=o.setInterval(n,this.POLL_INTERVAL):(h(o,"resize",n,!0),h(e,"scroll",n,!0),this.USE_MUTATION_OBSERVER&&"MutationObserver"in o&&(s=new o.MutationObserver(n)).observe(e,{attributes:!0,childList:!0,characterData:!0,subtree:!0})),this._monitoringDocuments.push(e),this._monitoringUnsubscribes.push(function(){var t=e.defaultView;t&&(r&&t.clearInterval(r),c(t,"resize",n,!0)),c(e,"scroll",n,!0),s&&s.disconnect()});var u=this.root&&(this.root.ownerDocument||this.root)||t;if(e!=u){var a=i(e);a&&this._monitorIntersections(a.ownerDocument)}}},s.prototype._unmonitorIntersections=function(e){var o=this._monitoringDocuments.indexOf(e);if(-1!=o){var n=this.root&&(this.root.ownerDocument||this.root)||t;if(!this._observationTargets.some(function(t){var o=t.element.ownerDocument;if(o==e)return!0;for(;o&&o!=n;){var r=i(o);if((o=r&&r.ownerDocument)==e)return!0}return!1})){var r=this._monitoringUnsubscribes[o];if(this._monitoringDocuments.splice(o,1),this._monitoringUnsubscribes.splice(o,1),r(),e!=n){var s=i(e);s&&this._unmonitorIntersections(s.ownerDocument)}}}},s.prototype._unmonitorAllIntersections=function(){var t=this._monitoringUnsubscribes.slice(0);this._monitoringDocuments.length=0,this._monitoringUnsubscribes.length=0;for(var e=0;e=0&&m>=0&&{top:c,bottom:a,left:f,right:d,width:g,height:m}||null),!v)break;_=_&&p(_)}return v}},s.prototype._getRootRect=function(){var e;if(this.root&&!d(this.root))e=u(this.root);else{var o=d(this.root)?this.root:t,n=o.documentElement,i=o.body;e={top:0,left:0,right:n.clientWidth||i.clientWidth,width:n.clientWidth||i.clientWidth,bottom:n.clientHeight||i.clientHeight,height:n.clientHeight||i.clientHeight}}return this._expandRectByRootMargin(e)},s.prototype._expandRectByRootMargin=function(t){var e=this._rootMarginValues.map(function(e,o){return"px"==e.unit?e.value:e.value*(o%2?t.width:t.height)/100}),o={top:t.top-e[0],right:t.right+e[1],bottom:t.bottom+e[2],left:t.left-e[3]};return o.width=o.right-o.left,o.height=o.bottom-o.top,o},s.prototype._hasCrossedThreshold=function(t,e){var o=t&&t.isIntersecting?t.intersectionRatio||0:-1,n=e.isIntersecting?e.intersectionRatio||0:-1;if(o!==n)for(var i=0;i